Publications Relevant to the PSMSL and GLOSS

The following file contains a list of major publications relevant to the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)-coordinated Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) programme.

The Afro-America GLOSS News continues to published at irregular intervals on the web (early editions were only on paper). We also host archives of the GLOSS Bulletin.

IOC. 2019.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Sixteenth Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE XVI), 11 - 13 April 2019, Busan, South Korea. Click here.

IOC. 2017.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Fifteenth Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE XV), 8 - 9 July 2017, New York, USA. Click here.

IOC. 2015.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Fourteenth Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE XIV) and Indian Ocean Sea Level Science Workshop, 19 - 23 October 2015, Dona Paula, India. Click here.

IOC. 2013.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Thirteenth Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE XIII) and 80-year Anniversary Workshop for the PSMSL, 28 October - 1 November 2013, Liverpool, United Kingdom. Click here.

HOLGATE, S.J. et al. 2013.
New Data Systems and Products at the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. Journal of Coastal Research: Volume 29, Issue 3: pp. 493 – 504. doi:10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00175.1

IOC. 2011.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Twelfth Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE XII) and associated Workshop, 7-11 November 2011, Paris, France. Click here.

IOC. 2009.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Eleventh Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE XI) and associated Workshop, 11-15 May 2009, Paris, France. Click here.

MERRIFIELD, M. et al. 2009.
The Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS). Community White Paper for the OceanObs'09 conference, Venice, September 2009. Click here.

WOODWORTH, P.L., RICKARDS, L.J. and PEREZ, B. 2009.
A survey of European sea level infrastructure. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 9, 927-934. Click here.

WOODWORTH, P., FODEN, P., PUGH, J., MATHEWS, A., AARUP, T., AMAN, A., NKEBI, E., ODAMETEY, J., FACEY, R., ESMAIL, M.Y.A. and ASHRAF, M. 2009.
Insight into long term sea level change based on new tide gauge installations at Takoradi, Aden and Karachi. International Hydrographic Review, No.1 (May 2009), 18-23. Click here.

IOC. 2007.
Papers, presentations and reports from the Tenth Session of the GLOSS Group of Experts (GLOSS GE X), 5-8 June 2007, Paris, France. Click here.

WOODWORTH, P.L., AMAN, A. and AARUP, T. 2007.
Sea level monitoring in Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 29(3), 321-330. doi:10.2989/AJMS.2007.29.3.2.332. Available as a post-print PDF file.

IOC. 2006.
Manual on sea-level measurement and interpretation. Volume 4 - An update to 2006. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides No. 14. IOC, Paris, 80pp. (eds. Aarup, T., Merrifield, M., Perez, B., Vassie, I and Woodworth, P.). (See IOC 1985 for Volume 1, 1994 for Volume 2 and 2002 for Volume 3). Available as a PDF file.

WCRP, 2006.
Report of the WCRP workshop on understanding sea level rise and variability, June 2006. Available as a PDF file.

CHURCH, J.A. 2006.
Global sea levels: past, present and future. Roger Revelle lecture at the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission 2006. Available as a PDF file.

SIMON, F. 2006.
Technical expert visit to Madagascar and Comoros 28 April - 10 May 2006. Available as a PDF file.

DIXON, D.J. 2005.
Technical expert visit to Mauritania, Cameroon and Republic of the Congo, 17-29 October, 2005. Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2005.
IOC group of experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), ninth session, Paris, France, 24-25 February 2005. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Reports of Meetings and Equivalent Bodies. GOOS report No.149, GCOS Report No.99, JCOMM Report No.36. Available as a PDF file.

SAMMARI, C. 2004.
Report of IOC mission to Red Sea countries by Cherif Sammari. Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2004.
IOC group of experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), eighth session, Paris, France, 13 & 16-17 October 2003. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Reports of Meetings and Equivalent Bodies. GOOS report No.141, GCOS Report No.90, JCOMM Report No.27. Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2004.
New technical developments in sea and land level observing systems. Proceedings of meeting October 14-16 2003, Paris, France. IOC Workshop Report No 193. Available as a PDF file.

HAREIDE, D. 2004.
Report of IOC mission to Iran by Daniel Hareide. Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L., AARUP, T., MERRIFIELD, M., MITCHUM, G.T. and LE PROVOST, C. 2003.
Measuring progress of the Global Sea Level Observing System. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, 84(50), 16 December 2003, 565, 10.1029/2003EO500009. Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L. and PLAYER, R. 2003.
The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level: an update to the 21st century. Journal of Coastal Research, 19, 287-295.

WOODWORTH, P.L. and AARUP, T. 2003.
A report on the status of the GLOSS programme and a proposal for taking the programme forward. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission report IOC/INF-1190. 41pp. Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 2003.
Some comments on the long sea level records from the northern Mediterranean. Journal of Coastal Research, 19, 212-217.

AARUP, T. and WOODWORTH, P. 2002.
The Global Sea Level Observing System. New International Hydrographic Bulletin, December 2002, 17-19 (in English), 43-46 (in French), 69-72 (in Spanish). Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L., LE PROVOST, C., RICKARDS, L.J., MITCHUM, G.T. and MERRIFIELD, M. 2002.
A review of sea-level research from tide gauges during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 40, 1-35.

BEVIS, M., SCHERER, W. and MERRIFIELD, M. 2002.
Technical issues and recommendations related to the installation of continuous GPS stations at tide gauges. Marine Geodesy, 25, 87-99.

AARUP, T. and Woodworth, P. 2002. The Global Sea Level Observing System. IALA Bulletin (Magazine of the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities) No. 2002/3, 6-9.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2002.
MedGLOSS workshop and coordination meeting for the pilot monitoring network system of systematic sea level measurements in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Report of meeting 15-17 May 2000, Haifa, Israel. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 176.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2002.
Aarup, T., Adekoya, A., Aman, A., Brundrit, G., Magori, C. and Woodworth, P.L. 2001. Position Paper on the Status of GLOSS in Africa. Contributed to the GOOS-AFRICA Meeting, 19-23 November 2001, Nairobi, Kenya. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, report IOC/INF-1165.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2002.
Manual on sea-level measurement and interpretation. Volume 3 - Reappraisals and recommendations as of the year 2000. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides No. 14. IOC, Paris, 47pp. (See IOC 1985 for Volume 1, 1994 for Volume 2 and 2006 for Volume 4).
Available as a PDF file

IOC. 2002.
Abstracts of presentations at workshops during the 7th session of the IOC Group of Experts of the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS). Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 180.
Available as a PDF file.

MITCHUM, G.T., CHENEY, R., FU, L-L., LE PROVOST, C., MENARD, Y. and WOODWORTH. P. 2001. The future of sea surface height observations. pp.120-136 in, Observing the Oceans in the 21st Century, C.J. Koblinsky and N.R. Smith (eds), Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia. 604pp.

CHURCH, J.A., GREGORY, J.M., HUYBRECHTS, P., KUHN, M., LAMBECK, K., NHUAN, M.T., QIN, D. and WOODWORTH, P.L. 2001. Changes in sea level. In, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (eds. J.T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D.J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P.J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell and C.A. Johnson). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 881pp.
Available on web by Clicking here.

HEILMAN, J., AARUP, T. & WOODWORTH, P.L. 2001.
The Global Sea Level Observing System. Ports and Harbors (Newsletter of the Association of Ports and Harbors), 46(10), December 2001, 9-11.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2001.
IOC group of experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), seventh session, Honolulu, USA, 26-27 April 2001. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Reports of Meetings and Equivalent Bodies. GOOS report No.116, GCOS Report No.72.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2001.
Report by the chairman of the GLOSS Group of Experts to the First Session of the Joint WMO/IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM).
Available as a PDF file

NOYE, J. and GRZECHNIL, M. (eds.) 2001.
Sea Level Changes and Their Effects, International Ocean and Atmosphere Pacific Conference. World Scientific Pub Co. 316pp.

ELAMIN, O.E. 2001.
Fundamentals of Hydrographic Surveying (in Arabic). Published by Printing Press of AL-taubah Bookshop, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Forewords by Commodore John Leech, former Director of the International Hydrographic Organisation and others. The main purpose of the book is to assist in the training of hydrographers. It was based partly on material used in the 2000 Saudi Arabia training course. Email omer.alameen@adm.abudhabi.ae for information.

IOC. 2000.
Strategic design plan for the coastal component of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, report IOC/INF-1146.
Available as a PDF file.

PLAG, H.P., AXE, P., KNUDSEN, P., RICHTER, B. and VERSTRAETEN, J. (eds.) 2000.
European sea-level observing system (EOSS): status and future developments.
Available as a postscript or pdf file via the ESEAS web pages

IOC. 2000.
PERSGA/ALESCO-IOC/GLOSS-GOOS training workshop on sea-level data analysis for the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden region. Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 15-19 April 2000. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Training Course Report 57.
Available as a PDF file and Word file.

IOC. 2000. (ed. H-P. Plag)
Arctic tide gauges: a status report. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission report IOC/INF-1147. 32pp.
Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 2000.
Monitoring and predicting long term sea level changes. Periodicum Biologorum Vol. 102, Supplement 1, 665-672.

IOC. 2000.
IOC/GLOSS-GOOS training workshop on sea-level data analysis. University of Sao Paulo, 30 August - 25 September 1999. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Training Course Report 54.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 2000.
Ocean circulation science derived from the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic sea level networks. Workshop in Toulouse, France 10-11 May 1999. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 171.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 1999.
Report on the Status of the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) to the IOC Assembly June-July 1999.
Available as an html file.

IOC. 1999.
IOC group of experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), sixth session, Toulouse, France, 12-14 May 1999. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Reports of Meetings and Equivalent Bodies. GOOS report No.71, GCOS Report No.58.
Available as a PDF file.

MITCHUM, G.T. et al. 1999.
Sea surface height observations from altimeters and tide gauges. CLIVAR Exchanges, 4(3), 11-16.

MITCHUM, G.T. et al. 1999.
The future of sea surface height observations. Proceedings of the conference on The Ocean Observing System for Climate, St.Raphael, France, 18-22 October 1999. (Solicited papers).

BRUNDRIT, G.B. & WALDRON, H. 1999.
IOC/GLOSS-GOOS training workshop on sea-level data analysis. University of Cape Town, 16-27 November, 1998. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Training Course Report No.51.
Available as a PDF file.

SPENCER, N.E. & WOODWORTH, P.L. 1998.
Status of the GLOSS Core Network in Africa and South America. Afro-America GLOSS News, Vol.3(1), 3.

SHUM, C.K, WOODWORTH, P. & SCHERER, W. 1998.
Impact of sea level variations in the Asia-Pacific region, Science Working Group Report. pp.41-54 in, Proceedings of the Second International Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Space Geodynamics (APSG) Program, Tahiti, French Polynesia, 12-16 May, 1998.

WOODWORTH, P.L. & TROTTE, J. 1998.
Sea level observing systems. Tiempo, Issue 30 (December 1998), 17-22.
Available as a PDF file.

INTERNATIONAL SEA LEVEL WORKSHOP. 1998.
Proceedings of the International Sea Level Workshop held at the University of Hawaii, 10-11 June, 1997. Published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 133pp. (GOOS Doc. 55) Available as a PDF file.

ALCOCK, G.A. & WOODWORTH, P.L. (organisers). 1998.
Joint IOC-CIESM training workshop on sea-level observations and analysis for the countries of the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, 16-27 June, 1997. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No.133.
Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L. (ed.) 1998.
Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) Implementation Plan 1997. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Technical Series, No. 50, 91pp. & Annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

NEILAN, R., VAN SCOY, P.A. & WOODWORTH, P.L. (eds). 1998.
Proceedings of the Workshop on methods for monitoring sea level: GPS and tide gauge benchmark monitoring, GPS altimeter calibration Workshop organised by the IGS and PSMSL, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 17-18 March 1997. 202pp.
Available as a PDF file in 2 parts from the JPL at NASA.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1997.
The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level and the Global Sea Level Observing System. pp.55-62 in, Science Services. International Association of Geodesy (IAG) & Federation of Astronomical and Geophysical Services (FAGS). Presented at the IAG Scientific Assembly, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, September 3-9, 1997. Published jointly by the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio and the IAG Central Bureau, Department of Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

RICKARDS, L. & KILONSKY, B. 1997.
Developments in sea level data management and exchange. Paper presented at the Ocean Data Symposium, Dublin, Ireland October 1997.
Available as a web file.

VILIBIC, I. 1997.
Global sea level rise? New techniques for the absolute sea level measurement. Geofizika, 14, 119-131. (Paper based on science and technology discussed at the POL IOC-CIESM training workshop 1997.)

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1997.
The Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS). GOOS News No.4, November 1997, pp.7-8. Published by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission.

IOC. 1997.
IOC group of experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), fifth session, Pasadena, California, USA, 19-21 March 1997. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Reports of Meetings of Experts and Equivalent Bodies, IOC/GE-GLOSS-V/3, 9pp. & annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

TSIMPLIS, M.N. & SPENCER, N.E. 1997.
Collection and analysis of monthly mean sea level data in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Journal of Coastal Research, 13(2), 534-544.

BAKER, T.F., WOODWORTH, P.L., BLEWITT, G. BOUCHER, C. & WOPPELMANN, G. 1997.
A European network for sea level and coastal land level monitoring. Journal of Marine Systems, 13, 163-171.

IOC. 1996.
IOC/GLOSS-GOOS Training Workshop on Sea-Level Data Analysis, Geodetic & Research Branch, Survey of India, Dehra Dun, India, 21 November - 1 December 1995. IOC Training Course Reports 39, UNESCO, 1996.

IOC. 1996.
IOC/GLOSS-IAPSO workshop on sea level variability and Southern Ocean dynamics, Bordeaux, France, 31 January 1995. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 115.
Available as a PDF file.

TOLKATCHEV, A. 1996.
Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS). Marine Geodesy, 19(1), 21-62.

WOODWORTH, P.L., VASSIE, J.M., SPENCER, R. & SMITH, D.E. 1996.
Precise datum control for pressure tide gauges. Marine Geodesy, 19(1), 1-20.

IOC. 1995.
UNESCO-IHP-IOC-IAEA workshop on sea level rise and the multidisciplinary studies of environmental processes in the Caspian Sea region, Paris, France, 9-12 May 1995. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 108 and supplements.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 1995.
IOC group of experts on the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS), fourth session, Bordeaux, France, 31 January - 3 February 1995. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Reports of Meetings of Experts and Equivalent Bodies, IOC/GE-GLOSS-IV/3, 18pp. & annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1995.
PSMSL Annual Report for 1994. pp.30-38 in, IUGG Chronicle No.225, January/February 1995.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1995.
Monitoring and predicting long term sea level changes. (Abstract). Bordomer 95: Coastal Change conference 6-10 February, 1995, Bordeaux, France.

WOODWORTH, P.L. & VASSIE, J.M. 1994.
The ACCLAIM programme in the South Atlantic and Southern Oceans. Afro-America GLOSS News, No.2 (October 1994), 2-3.

CARTER, W.E. (ed.) 1994.
Report of the Surrey Workshop of the IAPSO Tide Gauge Bench Mark Fixing Committee. Report of a meeting held 13-15 December 1993 at the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Deacon Laboratory. NOAA Technical Report NOSOES0006. 81pp.

IOC-UNEP-WMO-SAREC planning workshop on an integrated approach to coastal erosion, sea-level changes and their impacts. Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania, 17-21 January 1994. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Workshop Report No. 96 and supplements. IOC. 1994.

Manual on sea-level measurement and interpretation. Volume 2 - Emerging Technologies. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides No. 14. IOC, Paris, 72pp. (See IOC 1985 for Volume 1, 2002 for Volume 3 and 2006 for Volume 4). IOC. 1994.

UNESCO. 1994.
Island Agenda. An overview of UNESCO's work on island environments, territories, and societies. UNESCO report dated March 1994. 131pp.

IOC/PSMSL 1994.
Sea level monitoring in the small island developing states. Prepared by S.Dowell. IOC/INF-954. 24pp.

WOODWORTH, P.L. (ED.). 1994.
Sixtieth anniversary meeting of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. Bidston, Birkenhead: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. 37pp.
Available as a PDF file.

WARRICK, R.A., BARROW, E.M. & WIGLEY, T.M.L. (Eds.) 1993.
Climate and sea level change: observations, projections and implications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 424pp.

WORLD OCEAN CIRCULATION EXPERIMENT (WOCE). 1993.
WOCE data management. WOCE Data Report 104/93. 40pp.

IOC. 1993.
IOC training course for the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) directed to the African and South American Portuguese and Spanish -speaking countries, Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1-19 February 1993. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Training Course Reports No. 20, 9pp. & annexes.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1993.
PSMSL Annual Report for 1993. pp.303-310 in, IUGG Chronicle No.219, December 1993.

SPENCER, N.E. & WOODWORTH, P.L. 1993.
Data holdings of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (November 1993). Bidston, Birkenhead: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. 81pp.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1993.
PSMSL Annual Report for 1992. Chronique UGGI, No.215, 48-52.

WOODWORTH, P.L., PUGH, D.T., DE RONDE, J.G., WARRICK, R.G. & HANNAH, J. (EDS.). 1993.
Sea level changes: determination and effects. IUGG Geophysical Monograph Series, Vol.69.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1993.
A review of recent sea-level research. Oceanography and Marine Biology. An Annual Review, 31, 87-109.

SPENCER, R., FODEN, P.R., MCGARRY, C., HARRISON, A.J., VASSIE, J.M., BAKER, T.F., SMITHSON, M.J., HARANGOZO, S.A. & WOODWORTH, P.L. 1993.
The ACCLAIM programme in the South Atlantic and Southern Oceans. International Hydrographic Review, 70, 7-21.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1993.
Global sea level monitoring. pp. 329-341 in, Proceedings of Survey and Mapping 93. The 4th UK national land surveying and mapping conference and exhibition. University of Keele, 2-6 April 1993.

HARANGOZO, S.A., WOODWORTH, P.L., RAPP, R.H. & WANG, Y.M. 1993.
A comparison of monthly mean sea level variability determined from Geosat altimetry and a global tide gauge dataset. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 14(4), 789-795.

DOWELL,S.L. & RICKARDS,L.J. 1993.
Recent developments in sea level networks and data centres. pp.39-50 in, Sea level changes and their consequences for hydrology and water management. Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands, 19-23 April 1993. Koblenz: Bundesanstalt fur Gewasserkunde. Various pagination. 1993.

IOC. 1993.
Joint IAPSO-IOC Workshop on Sea level measurements and quality control, Paris, 12-13 October 1992. (ed. N.E.Spencer). Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No. 81, 167pp.

SMITHSON, M.J. 1992.
Pelagic tidal constants - 3. IAPSO Publication Scientifique No.35. Published by the International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Ocean (IAPSO) of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. 191pp. (Recent updates of this report are available from Dr.Smithson via the PSMSL).

BOLDUC, P.A. & MURTY, T.S. 1992.
Monthly mean sea level anomalies for the North and tropical Atlantic Ocean. pp.1-22 in, Sea level changes: determination and effects, (ed.P.L.Woodworth, D.T.Pugh, J.G.De Ronde, R.G.Warrick & J.Hannah). Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union. 196pp.

IOC. 1992.
IOC Group of Experts on the Global Sea-Level Observing System (GLOSS), third session, Paris, 13-15 October 1992. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Reports of Meetings of Experts and Equivalent Bodies, IOC/GE-GLOSS-III/3, 18pp. & annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

PROVOST, C. LE. 1992.
On the use of sea level gauge data for satellite altimetry validation. A review. Oceanologica Acta, 15(5), 431-440.

IOC. 1992.
IOC-UNEP-WMO pilot activity on sea-level changes and associated coastal impacts. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, IOC/INF-908, 12pp. & annexes.

IOC. 1992.
IOC-UNEP workshop on impacts of sea level rise due to global warming, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 16-19 November 1992. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No. 93.
Available as a PDF file.

JAPAN HYDROGRAPHIC ASSOCIATION. 1992.
Report of International seminar and follow-up study on Mean sea level monitoring in Asian and Oceanian regions. (International seminar held Tokyo, 26-27 November 1991 and follow-up study in Bangladesh and Indonesia, January 1992). Tokyo: Japan Hydrographic Association. 174pp.

IOC. 1992.
IOC-WESTPAC Scientific Symposium on Marine science and management of marine areas of the Western Pacific, Penang, Malaysia, 2-6 December 1991. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No. 76, 12pp. & annexes.

IOC. 1992.
IOC-SCAR workshop on sea-level measurements in Antarctica, Leningrad, USSR, 28-31 May 1990. Submitted papers. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No. 69(Supplement), 102pp.

MITCHUM, G. 1992.
Two new satellite-reporting sea level stations in the Indian Ocean. TOGA Notes, No.7, p.25.

IOC. 1992.
IOC-SAREC-KMFRI Regional Workshop on Causes and consequences of sea-level changes on the western Indian Ocean coasts and islands, Mombasa, Kenya, 24-28 June 1991. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No. 77, 11pp. & annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1992
PSMSL Annual Report for 1991. International Hydrographic Bulletin, August, 1992, 369-372.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1992.
Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level annual report for 1991. Chronique de l'UGGI, No.209, 52-58.

MITCHUM, G. 1992.
First satellite-reported sea level data in the Indian Ocean. TOGA Notes, No.6, p.15.

IOC. 1991.
IOC-SCAR workshop on sea-level measurements in Antarctica, Leningrad, USSR, 28-31 May 1990. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No. 69, 8pp. & annexes.

CITIES ON WATER. 1991.
Impact of Sea Level Rise on Cities and Regions. Proceedings of the First International Meeting "Cities on Water", Venice, December 11-13 1989. Marsilio Editori, S.p.a., Venice 1991.

WOODWORTH, P.L., RICKARDS, L.J. & SPENCER, N.E. 1991.
The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level and the Global Sea Level Observing System. p.145 in, XX General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Vienna, 11-24 August 1991: Union Program and Abstracts. Paris: IUGG Publications. 163pp.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1991.
The Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level and the Global Sea Level Observing System. Journal of Coastal Research, 7(3), 699-710.

WOODWORTH, P.L. 1991.
Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level annual report for 1990. Chronique de l'UGGI, No.205, 103-110.

IOC. 1991.
GLOSS Handbook for IBM PCs. IMS Newsletter, No.61, p.6.

SPENCER, N.E. & WOODWORTH, P.L. 1991.
Data holdings of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (January 1991). Bidston, Birkenhead: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. 136pp.

IOC. 1991.
IOC Group of Experts on the Global Sea-level Observing System(GLOSS), second session, NOAA, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Miami, USA, 22-26 October 1990. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Reports of Meetings of Experts and Equivalent Bodies, IOC/GE-GLOSS-II/3, 17pp. & annexes. 1991.
Available as a PDF file.

IPCC. 1990.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Climatic change: the IPCC scientific assessment, edited by J.T.Houghton, G.J.Jenkins and J.J.Ephraums, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 365pp. (This widely read report includes a review of past and potential future sea level changes).

PUGH, D.T. 1990.
Is there a sea-level problem? Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part 1, Design and Construction, 88(June), 347-366. Discussion: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Water Maritime and Energy, 96(2), 125-130, 1992.

PUGH, D.T. 1990.
Sea-level: change and challenge. Nature and Resources, 26(4), 36-46.

WOODWORTH, P.L., SPENCER, N.E. & ALCOCK, G.A. 1990.
On the availability of European mean sea level data. International Hydrographic Review, 67(1), 131-146.

EDEN, H.F. (Ed.). 1990.
Towards an integrated system for measuring long term changes in global sea level. Report of a Workshop held at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, May 1990. Washington, DC.: Joint Oceanographic Institutions Inc. (JOI). 178pp. & appendix.

IOC. 1990.
Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS) implementation plan. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Technical Series, No. 35, 90pp. Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 1990.
GLOSS. (Global Sea Level Observing System) Paris: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. 6pp. (foldout).

IOC. 1990.
IOC Group of Experts on the Global Sea-Level Observing System (GLOSS), first session, Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, Bidston, U.K., 19-23 June 1989. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Reports of Meetings of Experts and Equivalent Bodies, IOC/GE-GLOSS-I/3, 16pp. & annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

WYRTKI, K. 1989.
Sea level: the rising tide. UNESCO Sources, No.6 (July/August 1989).

CARTER, W.E., AUBREY, D.G., BAKER, T.F., BOUCHER, C., PROVOST, C. Le, PUGH,, D.T., PELTIER, W.R., ZUMBERGE, M., RAPP, R.H., SCHUTZ, R.E., EMERY, K.O. &, ENFIELD, D.B. 1989.
Geodetic fixing of tide gauge bench marks. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report, WHOI-89-31, 44pp.

SCHARRINGHAUSEN, B.H. 1988.
Report of Herr Scharringhausen's visits and installations to West Africa (Senegal, Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Mauritania).
Available only as a PDF file

WORLD OCEAN CIRCULATION EXPERIMENT (WOCE). 1988.
World Ocean Circulation Experiment implementation plan. Volume 2: Scientific background. WMO World Climate Programme Research, WCRP-12, 130pp. & annexes. (WMO/TD-No.243).

WORLD OCEAN CIRCULATION EXPERIMENT (WOCE). 1988.
World Ocean Circulation Experiment implementation plan. Volume 1: Detailed requirements. WMO World Climate Programme Research, WCRP-11, 63pp. (WMO/TD-No.242).

SPENCER, N.E., WOODWORTH, P.L. & PUGH, D.T. 1988.
Ancillary time series of mean sea level measurements. Bidston, Birkenhead: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. 69pp. & appendices. (This report lists values of annual mean sea level for a number of stations for which the corresponding monthly values are not available and are therefore not in the PSMSL dataset itself. The station-years are usually very old and should be used only with great caution).

PUGH, D.T. 1988.
The Global Sea-Level Observing System. pp.8-11 in, Tidal measurement and instrumentation. Papers presented at the Hydrographic Society Seminar, April 1987, London, (ed.J.A.Kitching). Dagenham, Essex: Hydrographic Society. 35pp. (Hydrographic Society Special Publication No.19.)

ABRAM, R.J. 1988.
Global Sea-Level Observing System (GLOSS) development in support of the TOGA programme. Tropical Ocean-Atmosphere Newsletter, No.43, 10-11.

IOC. 1988.
Workshop on sea-level measurements in hostile conditions, Bidston, UK, 28-31 March 1988. Summary report and submitted papers. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Workshop Report No.54, 81pp.

IOC. 1988.
IOC Task Team on the Global Sea-Level Observing System (GLOSS), second session, Honolulu, USA, 19-23 October 1987. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Reports of Meetings of Experts and Equivalent Bodies, IOC/GLOSS-II/3, 23pp. & annexes.
Available as a PDF file.

PUGH, D.T., SPENCER, N.E. & WOODWORTH, P.L. 1987.
Data holdings of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. Bidston, Birkenhead: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. 156pp.

PUGH, D.T. 1987.
Tides, surges and mean sea-level: a handbook for engineers and scientists. Wiley, Chichester, 472pp.

PUGH, D.T. 1987.
The global sea-level observing system. Hydrographic Journal, No.45, 5-8.

IOC. 1985.
Manual on sea-level measurement and interpretation.
Volume 1 - Basic procedures. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Manuals and Guides No. 14. IOC, Paris, 83pp. (See IOC 1994 for Volume 2, 2002 for Volume 3 and 2006 for Volume 4).

IOC. 1985.
List of proposed sea-level stations to be included in the global sea-level observing system. IOC Programme Group on Ocean Processes and Climate, IOC Assembly, 13th session.
Available as a PDF file.

IOC. 1984.
Plan for a global sea level network. Edited by David Pugh and Klaus Wyrtki. IOC Executive Council, Paris, 17th session.
Available as a PDF file.

ROSSITER, J.R. 1963.
The work of the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level. International Hydrographic Review, 40(1), 85-89.
Available as a PDF file.

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